1.So my grandfather told me when I was a little girl, “If you say a word often enough, it becomes you.”
小时候，祖父曾经告诉我说， “要是你经常说某个字，那个字就是你的写照。”
2.And having grown up in a segregated city, Baltimore, Maryland, I sort of use that idea to go around America with a tape recorder —
我长在马里兰州的巴尔迪摩，一个偏僻的城市， 带着祖父告诉我的这个信念和一个录音机，我周游美洲
3.thank God for technology — to interview people, thinking that if I walked in their words — which is also why I don’t wear shoes when I perform —
我要感谢科技 采访各式各样的人，想象如果我能走进他们的故事中– 这也是我在表演的时候不穿鞋的原因–
4.if I walked in their words, that I could sort of absorb America.
如果我能走进他们的故事，我多少能够领悟这个国家（美国）。
5.I was also inspired by Walt Whitman, who wanted to absorb America and have it absorb him.
Walt Whitman 也曾给我以启示， 他也曾经想要领悟美国，并向这个国家奉献他自己的知识与智慧。
6.So these four characters are going to be from that work that I’ve been doing for many years now, and well over — I don’t know, a couple of thousand people
因此，我要表演的四个角色是来源于我的工作 是我从事多年的工作 并且在–我想，我采访过的数千人中
7.I’ve interviewed.
最有代表意义的。
8.Anybody out here old enough to know Studs Terkel, that old radio man?
现场有谁年龄稍大些，听说过那个老无线电工，Studs Terlek？
9.So I thought he would be the perfect person to go to to ask about a defining moment in American history.
那好，我认为他可能是 能回答关于美国历史上一个决定性的时刻的最佳人选。
10.You know, he was “born in 1912, the year the Titanic sank, greatest ship every built. Hits the tip of an iceberg, and bam, it went down. It went down and I came up. Wow, some century.”
要知道，Stud Terkel“生于1912，泰坦尼克号沉没的那一年， 史上最伟大的船。却撞上了冰川一角。 紧接着，砰！它沉没海底，就这样沉没了，然后我出生了。瞧瞧，这个世纪多了不起。”
11.(Laughter) So this is his answer about a defining moment in American history.
（笑） 这是Stud 对于美国历史上一个决定性时刻的回答。
12.Defining moment in American history, I don’t think there’s one; you can’t say Hiroshima, that’s a big one — I can’t think of any one moment I would say is a defining moment.
美国历史上的决定性时刻，我认为没有； 你不能说就是广岛，那是个大事件– 我觉得我无法想出哪一个时刻为决定性时刻。
13.The gradual slippage — slippage is the word used by the people in Watergate, moral slippage — it’s a gradual kind of thing, combination of things.
那种逐渐的沦丧–沦丧是人们 用在水门事件上的词，道德沦丧– 是一种逐渐改变的东西，是多种事物结合的产物。
14.You see, we also have the technology.
你看，我们还拥有科技。
15.I say, less and less the human touch.
（可是）越来越少的人际交往。
16.Oh, let me kind of tell you a funny little play bit.
哦，我来说一个好玩的事。
17.The Atlanta airport is a modern airport, and they should leave the gate there.
亚特兰大机场是个现代化机场， 他们应该把那扇门留在那。
18.These trains that take you out to a concourse and on to a destination.
这些能够带你来往于各个转运站与目的地之间的火车。
19.And these trains are smooth, and they’re quiet and they’re efficient.
它们行车平稳。 它们安静且高效。
20.And there’s a voice on the train, you know the voice was a human voice.
并且，火车上你可以听到声音，你知道那是人的声音。
21.You see in the old days we had robots, robots imitated humans.
过去我们有机器人，机器人模仿人类。
22.Now we have humans imitating robots.
而现在是人类模仿机器人。
23.So we got this voice on this train: Concourse One: Omaha, Lincoln.
因此，在这列火车上我们听到这个声音：第一站：奥马哈，林肯。
24.Concourse Two: Dallas, Fort Worth. Same voice.
第二站：达拉斯，沃斯堡市。还是同样的声音。
25.Just as a train is about to go, a young couple rush in and they’re just about to close the pneumatic doors.
就在火车要开的时候，一对年轻恋人冲了进来 这时候气动门马上就要关闭了。
26.And that voice, without losing a beat, says, “Because of late entry, we’re delayed 30 seconds.”
这时，那个声音，节奏不改，继续说道， “由于有乘客晚上车，本列车延迟30秒。”
27.Just then, everybody’s looking at this couple with hateful eyes and the couple’s going like this, you know, shrinking.
正在那时，每人都带着不满瞪着这对年轻人 这对年轻人就像这样，蜷缩在一起。
28.Well, I’d happened to have had a couple of drinks before boarding — I do that to steel my nerves — and so I imitate a train call, holding my hand on my —
而我呢，恰好在上车前喝了几杯– 以镇定我的神经–然后 我模仿火车广播，把手放在这儿–
29.”George Orwell, your time has come,” you see.
Geroge Orwell，你的死期到啦，你瞧。
30.Well, some of you are laughing. Everybody laughs when I say that, but not on this train. Silence.
看，台下的有些人笑了。听到我这么说 每个人都会笑。但是在那列火车上是一片沉默，没有人笑。
31.And so suddenly they’re looking at me.
突然之间，所有人看着我。
32.So here I am with the couple, the three of us shrinking at the foot of Calvary about to be up, you know.
于是，我和那对恋人一起，我们三个 我们三个缩成一团，仿佛于骷髅地脚下，准备受罚。
33.Just then I see a baby, a little baby in the lap of a mother.
就在这个时候我看到一个婴儿，小小的婴儿，躺在妈妈腿上。
34.I know it’s Hispanic because she’s speaking Spanish to her companion.
我知道这是一个西班牙裔的母亲，因为她跟同伴讲着西班牙语。
35.So I’m going to talk to the baby. So I say to the baby, holding my hand over my mouth because my breath must be 100 proof, I say to the baby, “Sir or Madam,
我打算跟这个孩子说话。于是我对这个孩子说， 手盖住我的嘴，因为我的呼吸带着太强的酒味了， 我说，“尊敬的先生或是女士，
36.what is your considered opinion of the human species?”
您对人类的真知灼见又是什么呢？”
37.And the baby looks, you know, the way babies look at you clearly, starts laughing, starts busting out with this crazy little laugh.
婴儿看着我，就是那种婴儿清澈无瑕地注视的方式， 笑了起来， 开始大声地稚嫩地笑起来。
38.I say, “Thank God for a human reaction, we haven’t lost yet.”
我说，“谢天谢地，总算有人类的反应了，我们还没丢掉它。”
39.But you see, the human touch, you see, it’s disappearing.
但是你看，人情味，你看，它正在消失殆尽。
40.You know, you see, you’ve got to question the official truth.
你瞧，我们必须质疑这个真理。
41.You know the thing that was so great about Mark Twain — you know we honor Mark Twain, but we don’t read him.
你知道，马克吐温的伟大之处在于– 我们尊崇马克吐温，但我们不读他的作品。
42.We read Huck Finn, of course, we read Huck Finn of course.
我们读《哈克·费恩历险记》，当然了，我们肯定会去读。
43.I mean, Huck, of course, was tremendous.
我的意思是，哈克，他当然很了不起。
44.Remember that great scene on the raft, remember what Huck did?
你还记得在筏子上见识的那美丽景色吗，还记得哈克都做了什么吗？
45.You see, here’s Huck, he’s an illiterate kid, he’s had no schooling, but there’s something in him.
你看，这就是哈克，他是个聪明的孩子，（尽管）没上过学， 但他拥有一些特别的东西。
46.And the official truth, the truth was, the law was, that a black man was a property, was a thing, you see.
而且事实的真相，真理就是， 一个黑人被视作财富，他被当回事，你瞧。
47.And Huck gets on the raft with a property named Jim, a slave, see.
哈克上了筏子的同时也带了一样资产，这个叫Jim的奴隶。
48.And he hears that Jim is going to go and take his wife and kids and steal them from the woman who owns them, and Huck says, “Ooh, oh my God, ooh, ooh —
他听到Jim要离开去救他的老婆和孩子 要从他们原来的女主人那里他们偷回来， 然后哈克说，“哦，哦我的天哪，哦，哦–
49.that woman, that woman never did anybody any harm.
那个女人，那个女人从来没伤害过任何人。
50.Ooh, he’s going to steal, he’s going to steal, he’s going to do a terrible thing.”
哦，他要去偷，他要去偷啊， 他要去做一件大坏事。”
51.Just then, two slavers caught up, guys chasing slaves, looking for Jim.
就在那时，两个奴隶赶了上来，他们在正找人，找Jim。
52.”Anybody up on that raft with you?” Huck says, “Yeah.”
“那个筏子上还有别人吗？”哈克说，“有。”
53.”Is he black or white?” “White.” And they go off.
“黑人还是白人？”“白人。”然后他们就离开了。
54.And Huck said, “Oh my God, oh my God, I lied, I lied, ooh, I did a terrible thing, did a terrible thing — why do I feel so good?”
然后哈克说，“哦天哪，哦天哪，我撒谎了，我撒谎了，哦， 我做了件大坏事，一件大坏事–但是为什么我感到很舒坦呢？”
55.But it’s the goodness of Huck, that stuff that Huck’s been made of, you see, all been buried, it’s all been buried.
但是这个哈克的善良，这是哈克的本质， 你瞧，全都被淹没了，全被淹没了。
56.So the human touch, you see, it’s disappearing.
所以人情味，你瞧，正在消失。
57.So you ask about a defining moment.
所以你要问决定性时刻。
58.Ain’t no defining moment in American history for me.
对我来说，在美国的历史上没有决定性时刻。
59.It’s an accretion of moments that add up to where we are now, where trivia becomes news.
是各种时刻不断累加，构成了现在我们所处的时代， 琐事都变成了新闻。
60.And more and more, less and less awareness of the pain or the other.
越来越多的，越来越少的痛苦，或是其他。
61.Huh. You know, I don’t know if you could use this or not, but I was quoting Wright Morris, a writer from Nebraska, who says, we’re more and more into communications
哼，你知道，我不知道你会不会这样说， 但是我要引用一个内布拉斯加的作家的话，叫Wright Morris，他说， 我们沟通的花样越来越多
62.and less and less into communication.
但是真正的沟通却越来越少了
63.Okay, kids, I got to scram, got to go see my cardiologist.
好了，孩子们，我得走了，要去看我的心脏医师了。
64.And that’s Studs Terkel.
这就是Studs Terkel。
65.(Applause) So, talk about risk taking. I’m going to do somebody that nobody likes.
（掌声） 那么，谈到勇于冒险。我要提到一个大家都不喜欢的人。
66.You know most actors want to do characters that are likeable — well, not always, but the notion, especially at a conference like this,
大多数演员都希望扮演讨人喜欢的角色– 也不总是，但是这种观念（是有的），尤其是像TED大会这样的场面，
67.I like to inspire people.
我喜欢激励人。
68.But since this was called risk taking, I’m doing somebody who I never do, because she’s so unlikeable that one person actually came backstage
不过既然说到勇于冒险， 我要模仿一个我从来没模仿过的人，因为她是如此讨人厌恶 那个人实际上在后台
69.and told me to take her out of the show she was in.
叫我把关于她的戏份去掉。
70.And I’m doing her because I think we think of risk, at a conference like this, as a good thing.
那么我之所以模仿她是因为我认为冒险， 在这样的会议里，是一件好事。
71.But there are certain other connotations to the word risk, and the same thing about the word nature. What is nature?
不过“冒险”这个词还蕴有其他含义， “天性”这个词也是一样。什么是“天性”？
72.Maxine Greene, who’s a wonderful philosopher who’s as old as Studs, and was the head of a philosophy — great, big philosophy kind of an organization,
Maxine Greene，是一个伟大的哲学家 和Studs的岁数差不多，而且他是一个– 很大的哲学组织的领导，
73.I went to her and asked her what are the two things that she doesn’t know, that she still wants to know.
我向她问道有哪两个事情 是她不知道却依然想要弄清楚的。
74.And she said, “Well, personally, I still feel like I have to curtsey when I see the president of my university.
他说，“就我个人看来，我总是觉得在见到我的大学校长时 我还要卑躬屈膝。
75.And I still feel as though I’ve got to get coffee for my male colleagues, even though I’ve outlived most of them.”
而且我仍旧感觉要为男同事端咖啡 尽管我比他们活的都长。
76.And she said, “And then intellectually, I don’t know enough about the negative imagination.
然后她说，“突然间理性告诉我， 我对于负面幻想理解的不够。
77.And September 11th certainly taught us that that’s a whole area we don’t investigate.”
9.11事件显然告诉我们 有一整片领域我们是没有研究的。”
78.So this piece is about a negative imagination.
因此这一段是关于负面幻想的。
79.It raises questions about what nature is, what Mother Nature is, and about what a risk can be.
它引发了思考如什么是天性，什么是大自然， 以及什么是冒险。
80.And I got this in the Maryland Correctional Institute for Women.
来自于马里兰女性教养所。
81.Everything I do is word for word off of a tape.
我做的事情就是一字不漏的录下来。
82.And I title things because I think people speak in organic poems, and this is called “A Mirror to Her Mouth.”
我之所以加以标题是因为我认为人们以组织化的方式讲话， 它叫做“她嘴边的镜子。”
83.And this is an inmate named Paulette Jenkins.
主人公是一个叫做Paulette Jenkins的囚犯。
84.”I began to learn how to cover it up, because I didn’t want nobody to know that this was happening in my home.
“我开始学着掩盖事实， 因为我不想让任何人知道这件事发生在我家里。
85.I want everybody to think we were a normal family.
我想让所有人都知道我们是一个正常的家庭。
86.I mean we had all the materialistic things, but that didn’t make my children pain any less; that didn’t make their fears subside.
我们有正常家庭所拥有的一切表象， 但这并未让我的孩子们的痛楚减轻分毫； 这并未让他们的恐惧平息。
87.I ran out of excuses about how we got black eyes and busted lips and bruises. I didn’t had no more excuses.
关于眼睛如何被打黑 破裂的嘴唇和淤青，这些我都词穷了。我已没有更多借口了。
88.And he beat me too. But that didn’t change the fact that it was a nightmare for my family, it was a nightmare.
而且他也打了我。但这并不改变他是 这个家庭的一个噩梦这个事实，一场噩梦。
89.And I failed them dramatically, because I allowed it to go on and on and on.
我让他们大失所望， 因为我对事情的发展无动于衷。
90.But the night that Myesha got killed — and the intensity just grew and grew and grew, until one night we came home from getting drugs,
不过Myesha被杀的那晚– 事情发展的越来越严重， 直到有一天我们拿完毒品回到家中，
91.and he got angry with Myesha, and he started beating her, and he put her in a bathtub. Oh, he would use a belt.
他对Myesha大发雷霆，开始痛打她， 他把她塞进浴缸。哦，他用皮带。
92.He had a belt because he had this warped perverted thing that Myesha was having sex with her little brother and they was fondling each other — that would be his reason.
他用皮带这种扭曲变态的东西是因为 Myesha当时正在和她自己的弟弟做爱 然后他们还互相爱抚–这就是原因。
93.I’m just talking about the particular night that she died.
我现在讲的就是她死的那个晚上。
94.And so he put her in the bathtub, and I was in the bedroom with the baby.
于是他把她放进了浴缸， 我当时和孩子在卧室里。
95.And four months before this happened, four months before Myesha died, I thought I could really fix this man. So I had a baby by him — insane —
而且在事情发生的四个月前，Myesha死前的四个月， 我以为我可以治好这个男人。于是我给他生了一个孩子–太疯狂了–
96.Thinking that if I gave him his own kid, he would leave mine alone.
想着如果把他的亲生孩子交给他，他就会放我的孩子一马。
97.And it didn’t work, didn’t work.
但是都是徒劳，徒劳。
98.And I ended up with three children, Houston, Myesha and Dominic, who was four months old when I came to jail.
于是我和三个孩子，Houston，Myesha和Dominic， 我进监狱的时候他只有四岁。
99.And I was in the bedroom. Like I said, he had her in the bathroom and he — he — every time he hit her, she would fall.
我在卧室里，就像刚才说的，他把她拖到浴室 然后他–他–每次他动粗，她都会倒下。
100.And she would hit her head on the tub. It happened continuously, repeatedly.
然后他把她的头砸向浴缸。不停的，一次又一次。
101.I could hear it, but I dared not to move. I didn’t move.
我能听见，但是我却一动都不敢动。我没有动。
102.I didn’t even go and see what was happening.
我甚至没有去看看到底发生了什么。
103.I just sat there and listened.
我只是坐在那里，然后听着。
104.And then he put her in the hallway.
然后他把她拖到了走廊。
105.He told her, just set there. And so she set there for about four or five hours.
他说，坐在那。于是她就在那里坐了大概四到五个小时。
106.And then he told her, get up.
然后他说，起来。
107.And when she got up, she says she couldn’t see.
于是她起来，然后她说，我看不见了。
108.Her face was bruised. She had a black eye.
她的脸淤青。眼睛黑黑的。
109.All around her head was just swollen; her head was about two sizes of its own size.
头已经肿的不行； 像原来的两个脑袋那么大。
110.I told him, let her go to sleep. He let her go to sleep.
我跟他说，让她去睡吧。他放她去睡了。
111.The next morning she was dead.
第二天早上她死了。
112.He went in to check on her for school, and he got very excited.
他去叫她起床上学，然后他惊慌万分。
113.He says, she won’t breathe.
他说，她没有呼吸了。
114.I knew immediately that she was dead.
我马上就意识到她已经死了。
115.I didn’t even want to accept the fact that she was dead, so I went in and I put a mirror to her mouth — there was no thing, nothing, coming out of her mouth.
我甚至不愿去接受她已经死了的事实，于是我进去 我拿着镜子放在她觜前– 什么现象都没有，她嘴里没有呼出任何东西。
116.He said, he said, he said, we can’t, we can’t let nobody find out about this.
他说道，他说，说， 我们不能让任何人发现这个事情。
117.He say, you’ve got to help me. I agree. I agree.
他说，你得帮帮我。我同意，同意。
118.I mean, I’ve been keeping a secret for years and years and years, so it just seemed like second hand to me, just to keep on keeping it a secret.
我的意思是，我这么多年来不停的保守秘密， 这对我来说已经不是什么新鲜的要求了，只要继续保密就行。
119.So we went to the mall and we told a police that we had, like, lost her, that she was missing.
于是我们走到大道告诉警察，她失踪了， 她失踪了。
120.We told a security guard that she was missing; though she wasn’t missing.
我们告诉警卫说，她失踪了； 尽管她根本没有失踪。
121.And we told the security guard what we had put on her and we went home and we dressed her in exactly the same thing that we had told the security guard that we had put on her.
我们告诉了警卫她的衣着样式 我们回家以后就把她打扮的 和对警卫描述中的样子一模一样。
122.And then we got the baby and my other child, and we drove out to, like, I-95.
然后我们接走了婴儿和我的另一个孩子 然后我们就开车，大概去 I-95 (纽泽西州)
123.I was so petrified and so numb, all I could look was in the rear-view mirror.
我是如此的僵硬和麻木了， 然后我再后视镜中看。
124.And he just laid her right on the shoulder of the highway.
发现他把她正好摆在路肩（紧急停车道）那里。
125.My own child, I let that happen to.
我的孩子啊，我竟然让这种事情发生在她身上。
126.So that’s an investigation of the negative imagination.
那么这就是关于负面幻想的一个调查。
127.(Applause) When I started this project called On the Road: A Search For an American Character with my tape recorder, I thought that I was going to go around America
（掌声） 当我开始这项计划时 叫做“在路上：寻找美国符号” 以我的录音机为工具，我以为我要走遍整个美国
128.and find it in all its aspects — bull riders, cowboys, pig farmers, drum majorettes — but I sort of got tripped on race relations,
探索形形色色的人物–骑牛者、牛仔、养猪农， 乐队领队–不过在种族关系上我遇到了点麻烦，
129.because my first big show was a show about a race riot.
因为我的首次演出是关于种族暴乱的。
130.And so I went to both — two race riots, one of which was the Los Angeles riot. And this next piece is from that.
因此两次种族暴动我都亲历， 其中一次是在洛杉矶。那么下一个片段就来源于此。
131.Because this is what I would say I’ve learned the most about race relations, from this piece.
因为这个我想 使我有对种族关系有了最透彻的了解，在这个片段。
132.It’s a kind of an aria, I would say, and in many tapes that I have.
就仿佛是咏叹调，我认为，在我有过的许多录影中。
133.Everybody knows that the Los Angeles riots happened because four cops beat up a black man named Rodney King.
大家都知道洛杉矶暴动的情况 因为4个警察暴打了一个叫Rodney King的黑人。
134.It was captured on video tape — technology — and it was played all over the world.
录像机拍摄下了这个画面–（这就是）科技– 然后在全世界广为传播。
135.Everybody thought the four cops would go to jail.
所有人都认为4个警察肯定会进监狱。
136.They did not, so there were riots.
但是他们没有，于是就引发了暴乱。
137.And what a lot of people forget, is there was a second trial, ordered by George Bush, Sr.
而且许多人忽略的是，那时候还有1个二审， 被George Bush, Sr授权。
138.And that trial came back with two cops going to jail and two cops declared innocent. I was at that trial.
然后审判的结果是两个警察进了监狱 另两个警察被宣无罪。我当时在场。
139.And I mean, the people just danced in the streets because they were afraid there was going to be another riot.
我的意思是，人们在街上欢呼雀跃 因为他们担心会有另一场暴乱。
140.Explosion of joy that this verdict had come back this way.
而结果的改判使积压的喜悦爆发出来。
141.So there was a community that didn’t — the Korean-Americans, whose stores had been burned to the ground.
（但是）有一个群体却不这样认为–韩裔美国人， 他们的商店在暴乱中被夷为平地。
142.And so this woman, Mrs. Young-Soon Han, I suppose will have taught me the most that I have learned about race.
因此这个女性，Young-Soon Han女士， 我认为她极大的加深了我对种族的认识。
143.And she asks also a question that Studs talks about: this notion of the official truth, to question the official truth.
她也问到了Studs曾经谈到的问题： 官方真相的概念，质疑什么是官方真相。
144.So what she’s questioning here, she’s taking a chance and questioning what justice is in society.
因此她正在质疑，她尝试着冒险 质疑在这个社会中什么是正义。
145.And this is called, “Swallowing the Bitterness.”
这个（片段）叫做，“吞食苦果。”
146.I used to believe America was the best.
我曾经相信美国是最好的。
147.I watched in Korea many luxurious Hollywood lifestyle movie.
我在韩国看过许多描述好莱坞奢华生活方式的电影。
148.I never saw any poor man, any black.
我从没看到过穷人，黑人。
149.Until 1992, I used to believe America was the best — I still do, I don’t deny that because I am a victim.
直到1992年，我还相信美国是最好的–我始终相信， 我并不否认这点因为我是一个受害者。
150.But at the end of ’92, when we were in such turmoil, and having all the financial problems, and all the mental problems, I began to really realize that Koreans
不过在92年末，如此的暴乱时期， 所有的财政问题接踵而至，以及精神层面的问题， 我开始意识到韩国人
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