1.I am very, very happy to be amidst some of the most — the lights are really disturbing my eyes and they’re reflecting on my glasses.
我非常非常的高兴能和这么多…… 这些灯光太刺眼了 它们反射到我的镜片上了
2.I am very happy and honored to be amidst very, very innovative and intelligent people.
我非常高兴且荣幸和 非常聪明、有创造力的人们在一起
3.I have listened to the three previous speakers, and guess what happened?
在此之前我已经听了3个人的演讲了 猜一下发生了什么事？
4.Every single thing I planned to say, they have said it here, and it looks and sounds like I have nothing else to say.
每一个我想说的事情都已经被他们说完了 看上去我好象没有什么可以说的了
5.(Laughter) But there is a saying in my culture that if a bud leaves a tree without saying something, that bud is a young one.
（笑声） 但是在我的祖国有一句谚语 如果一朵花一句话也不说就离开了树干 那朵花一定还稚嫩
6.So I will — since I am not young and am very old — I still will say something.
所以，既然我已不再稚嫩 我还是要说一点的
7.We are hosting this conference at a very opportune moment because another conference is taking place in Berlin.
我们正在一个非常合时宜的时候开这个会 因为另一个会议正在柏林召开
8.It is the G8 Summit.
这就是八国首脑峰会
9.The G8 Summit proposes that the solution to Africa’s problems should be a massive increase in aid, something akin to the Marshall Plan.
G8峰会建议，解决非洲问题的办法 应该是继续加大对非洲的援助 这和当年的马歇尔计划很相似
10.Unfortunately, I personally do not believe in the Marshall Plan.
不幸的是，我个人并不相信马歇尔计划
11.One, because the benefits of the Marshall Plan have been overstated.
首先，马歇尔计划的成果被夸大了
12.Its largest recipients were Germany and France, and it was only 2.5 percent of their GDP.
它最大的受援国是德国和法国 但援助只占了他们GDP的2.5%
13.An average African country receives foreign aid to the tune of 13, 15 percent of its GDP, and that is an unprecedented transfer of financial resources
平均每个非洲国家接受的外国援助 竟达到了他们GDP的13%-15%那么多 这是一个史无前例的金融资源大迁移
14.from rich countries to poor countries.
从富裕的国家到贫穷的国家
15.But I want to say that there are two things we need to connect.
但是我想说的是，有两件事情我们需要提及
16.How the media covers Africa in the West, and the consequences of that.
西方媒体是如何报道非洲和那些援助成果的
17.By displaying despair, helplessness and hopelessness, the media is telling the truth about Africa, and nothing but the truth.
通过播放绝望和无助的画面 媒体是在展示非洲的真实情况，非常真实
18.However, the media is not telling us the whole truth.
然而，媒体没有告诉我们所有的真实情况
19.Because despair, civil war, hunger and famine, although they’re part and parcel of our African reality, they are not the only reality.
因为绝望、内战、饥荒 虽然是我们非洲的真实的一部分 但这些不是全部
20.And secondly, they are the smallest reality.
而且，它们只是其中很小的一部分
21.Africa has 53 nations.
非洲有53个国家
22.We have civil wars only in six countries, which means that the media are covering only six countries.
只有6个国家有内战 那就说明，媒体只报道了这6个国家
23.Africa has immense opportunities that never navigate through the web of despair and helplessness that the Western media largely presents to its audience.
非洲蕴含着的巨大的机遇却从来没有被报道过 那些交织着绝望和无助的报道 西方媒体却大量的向他们的听众传递
24.But the effect of that presentation is it appeals to sympathy.
但是那些报道的作用只是祈求同情
25.It appeals to pity; it appeals to something called charity.
祈求怜悯，祈求那些所谓的援助
26.And, as a consequence, the Western view of Africa’s economic dilemma is framed wrongly.
这样的结果是，西方人关于 “非洲经济困境”的错误观念被建立起来了
27.The wrong framing is a product of thinking that Africa is a place of despair.
这种观念的建立是一味的去联想 一个绝望的非洲的结果
28.What should we do with it? We should give food to the hungry.
我们该怎么办？我们应该给饥饿的人们食物
29.We should deliver medicines to those who are ill.
我们应该给生病的人送去医药
30.We should send peacekeeping troops to serve those who are facing a civil war.
我们应该派维和部队 去拯救那些正在遭遇内战的人民
31.And in the process Africa has been stripped of self-initiative.
在这个过程中，非洲已经丧失了自己的主动性
32.I want to say that it is important to recognize that Africa has fundamental weaknesses.
我想说，重要的是认识到 非洲确实有其根本性的不足
33.But equally, it has opportunities and a lot of potential.
但是同时，也有很多的发展潜力
34.We need to reframe the challenge that is facing Africa from a challenge of despair, despair which is called poverty reduction, to a challenge of hope.
我们需要重新定位非洲正面临的考验 从充满绝望的考验 它被叫做减少贫困 到充满希望的考验
35.We frame it as a challenge of hope, and that is worth creation.
我们重新定义它为一个充满希望的考验，这是值得的
36.The challenge facing all those who are interested in Africa is not the challenge of reducing poverty.
所有关心非洲的人们面对着这个考验 这不再是一个减少贫困的考验
37.It should be a challenge of creating wealth.
而应该是一个创造财富的考验
38.Once we change those two things — if you say the Africans are poor and they need poverty reduction, you have the international cartel of good intentions
一旦我们交换了这两个概念 如果你说“非洲很穷，他们需要脱贫” 你的愿望非常美好
39.moving onto the continent, with what?
但是带点什么去非洲呢
40.Medicines for the poor, food relief for those who are hungry, and peacekeepers for those who are facing civil war.
给穷人带去药品，给饥饿的人带去食物 给遭受内战的人送去维和部队
41.And in the process none of these things really are productive because you are treating the symptoms, not the causes of Africa’s fundamental problems.
所有这些都没有从根本上解决问题 因为对于非洲的那些基本问题 这些只治标不治本
42.Sending somebody to school and giving them medicines, ladies and gentlemen, does not create wealth for them.
送一些人去学校，给他们药品 各位，这些不能给他们创造财富
43.Wealth is a function of income, and income comes from you finding a profitable trading opportunity or a well-paying job.
稳定的收入才是致富的根本，而稳定的收入来自于 一个能获利的贸易机会或者一份稳定的工作
44.Now, once we begin to talk about wealth creation in Africa, our second challenge will be, who are the wealth-creating agents in any society?
现在，我们开始谈到如何让非洲富裕起来 我们的下一个挑战将是 谁是社会上创造财富的代理人
45.They are entrepreneurs. [Unclear] told us they are always about four percent of the population, but 16 percent are imitators.
是企业家，现实告诉我们他们一直 只占世界人口的4%，但是16%不是真正意义上的企业家
46.But they also succeed at the job of entrepreneurship.
但他们同样可以胜任企业家这个工作
47.So where should we be putting the money?
所以，我们应该把钱用在什么地方？
48.We need to put money where it can productively grow.
我们需要把钱用在可以创造财富的地方
49.Support private investment in Africa, both domestic and foreign.
支持在非洲的私人投资，不管是国内的还是国外的
50.Support research institutions, because knowledge is an important part of wealth creation.
支持科研机构 因为知识是创造财富不可或缺的一部分
51.But what is the international aid community doing with Africa today?
但是那些国际援助组织现在在非洲做些什么呢？
52.They are throwing large sums of money for primary health, for primary education, for food relief.
他们把大把的钞票花在了基础医疗上 基础教育上和粮食救济上
53.The entire continent has been turned into a place of despair, in need of charity.
整个非洲大陆已经变成了 一个绝望和坐等慈善的地方
54.Ladies and gentlemen, can any one of you tell me a neighbor, a friend, a relative that you know, who became rich by receiving charity?
女士们先生们，你们谁能告诉我 你的邻居、朋友和亲人 哪一个人是通过接受善款致富的
55.By holding the begging bowl and receiving alms?
是通过抱着讨饭碗接受别人的施舍而致富的
56.Does any one of you in the audience have that person?
你们谁听说过有这样的例子
57.Does any one of you know a country that developed because of the generosity and kindness of another?
你们谁听说过一个国家是通过 他国的善良和慷慨而发展起来的？
58.Well, since I’m not seeing the hand, it appears that what I’m stating is true.
那好，既然我没有看到有人举手 那说明我说的是事实
59.Bono: Yes!
Bono：对
60.Andrew Mwenda: I can see Bono says he knows the country.
Andrew Mwenda：我听到Bono说他知道有这样的国家
61.Which country is that?
哪个国家？
62.Bono: It’s Ireland.
Bono：这是个爱尔兰名字
63.(Laughter) Bono: [unclear] Thank you very much. But let me tell you this.
（笑声） （貌似在打电话） 非常感谢，还是让我来告诉你们吧
64.External actors can only present to you an opportunity.
外人只能给你一个机会
65.The ability to utilize that opportunity and turn it into an advantage depends on your internal capacity.
能否抓住这个机会，且把它变成一个优势 取决于你的个人能力
66.Africa has received many opportunities, many of them we haven’t benefited much.
非洲曾有过很多机会 但其中的大部分我们没有从中获益良多
67.Why? Because we lack the internal institutional framework and policy framework that can make it possible for us to benefit from our external relations. I’ll give you an example.
为什么？因为我们缺少相应的体制框架 和政策框架来帮助我们 从我们的对外关系中获利。我可以给你们一个例子
68.Under the Cotonou Agreement, formerly known as the Lome Convention, African countries have been given an opportunity by Europe to export goods, duty-free, to the European Union market.
根据科托努协定 其前身是洛美协定 欧洲曾给过非洲一个很好的机会 可免关税出口货物到欧盟市场
69.My own country, Uganda, has a quota to export 50,000 metric tons of sugar to the European Union market.
我的祖国，乌干达，得到个机会可以出口5万吨 蔗糖到欧盟市场
70.We haven’t exported one kilogram yet.
我们连一公斤都没有出口
71.We import 50,000 metric tons of sugar from Brazil and Cuba.
我们反而从巴西和古巴进口了5万吨的蔗糖
72.Secondly, under the beef protocol of that agreement, African countries that produce beef have quotas to export beef, duty-free, to the European Union market.
第二，按照这个协定书上的牛肉协定 非洲产牛肉的国家 可以有一定的配额免关税出口牛肉到欧盟市场
73.None of those countries, including Africa’s most successful nation, Botswana, has ever met its quota.
没有任何一个国家，包括非洲最成功的国家博茨瓦纳在内 用完了这些配额
74.So I want to argue today that the fundamental source of Africa’s inability to engage the rest of the world in a more productive relationship
所以我想说的是，非洲从根本上 没有能力和其他国家 建立一种高效的合作关系
75.is because it has a poor institutional and policy framework.
是因为它没有好的体制和政策框架
76.And all forms of intervention need support, the evolution of the kinds of institutions that create wealth, the kinds of institutions that increase productivity.
各种形式的变革都需要支持 发展能创造财富的机构 和能提高生产效率的机构
77.How do we begin to do that and why is aid the bad instrument?
我们应该怎么做呢？为什么援助不是一件好事呢？
78.Aid is the bad instrument, and do you know why?
你们知道为什么援助不是一件好事吗？
79.Because all governments across the world need money to survive.
因为所有政府都需要钱去维持
80.Money is needed for a simple thing like keeping law and order.
想维持法律公正和社会秩序需要钱
81.You have to pay the army and the police to show law and order.
建立军队和警察去维护法律和秩序也需要钱
82.And because many of our governments are quite dictatorial, they need really to have the army clobber the opposition.
同时因为大多数的政府都比较独裁 他们真正需要的是用军队去镇压反对派
83.The second thing you need to do is pay your political hangers-on.
接着各种政治活动也需要花钱
84.Why should people support their government?
为什么人们应该去支持他们的政府？
85.Well, because it gives them good paying jobs.
那是因为政府能给他们一份好工作
86.Or, in many African countries, unofficial opportunities to profit from corruption.
在很多非洲国家，暗地里 可以通过腐败获利
87.The fact is, no government in the world, with the exception of a few like that of Idi Amin, can seek to depend entirely on force as an instrument of rule.
事实是，世界上没有一个政府 除了少数像伊迪阿明那样的以外 可以选择完全用武力来进行统治
88.Many countries in the [unclear], they need legitimacy.
世界上的很多国家需要让他们的统治合法化
89.To get legitimacy, governments often need to deliver things like primary education, primary health, roads, build hospitals and clinics.
为此，政府们一般需要提供基础教育 基础医疗、道路、修建医院和诊所
90.If the government’s fiscal survival depends on it having to raise money from its own people, such a government is driven by self-interest
一个政府的财务状况如何 取决于它是否能从人民那里获得更多的钱 这样的被利益驱动的政府
91.to govern in a more enlightened fashion.
以一种更加开明的方式进行统治
92.It will sit with those who create wealth.
它会和那些能创造财富的人坐下来
93.Talk to them about the kind of policies and institutions that are necessary for them to expand a scale and scope of business so that it can collect more tax revenues from them.
和他们讨论什么样的政策和体制 是他们继续扩大生意必须的 这样它就能从他们那里获得更多的税收收入
94.The problem with the African continent and the problem with the aid industry is that it has distorted the structure of incentives facing the governments in Africa.
非洲的问题 由援助引起的问题是 它扭曲了自我激励体系 非洲各国都要面对这个问题
95.The productive margin in our government’s search for revenue does not lie in the domestic economy, it lies with international donors.
我们政府财政收入的主要来源 并不是来自于国内经济 而是来自于国际援助
96.Rather than sit with Ugandan — (Applause) Rather than sit with Ugandan entrepreneurs, Ghanaian businessmen, South African enterprising leaders,
与其和乌干达的…… （掌声） 与其和乌干达的企业家坐下来谈 和加纳的商人，南非的企业领袖谈
97.our governments find it more productive to talk to the IMF and the World Bank.
我们的政府发现倒不如 和世界货币基金组织和世界银行谈来的合算
98.I can tell you, even if you have ten Ph.D.s, you can never beat Bill Gates in understanding computer industry.
我想说，就算你有10个博士学位 你也不可能比比尔盖茨更了解计算机行业
99.Why? Because the knowledge that is required for you to understand the incentives necessary to expand a business, it requires that you listen to the people, the private sector actors in that industry.
为什么？因为你需要去懂得的那些知识 扩大生意需要的原动力 都需要你去倾听那些在这个行业中的人和机构怎么说的
100.Governments in Africa have therefore been given an opportunity by the international community to avoid building productive arrangements with your own citizens,
非洲的各政府因此从国际上得到了一个机会 以避免去和自己的国民 建立一个有成效的协议
101.and therefore allowed to begin endless negotiations with the IMF and the World Bank, and then it is the IMF and the World Bank that tell them what its citizens need.
因此允许开始和国际货币基金组织的无休止的谈判 还有世界银行，然后国际货币基金组织和世界银行 告诉各政府他们的国民需要什么？
102.In the process we, the African people, have been sidelined from the policy-making, policy-orientation, and policy implementation process in our countries.
在这整个过程中，非洲人民完全被忽略掉了 从我们国家的政策的制定、政策的取向一直到 政策的执行过程中被忽略掉了
103.We have limited input, because he who pays the piper calls the tune.
我们必须限制投入，因为发号施令的是花了钱的人
104.The IMF, the World Bank, and the cartel of good intentions in the world has taken over our rights as citizens, and therefore what our governments are doing, because they depend on aid,
国际货币基金组织、世界银行和全世界的好心人 已经剥夺了我们作为公民的权利 因为政府依赖于援助，因此他们正在做的是
105.is to listen to international creditors rather than their own citizens.
去听从那些国际债权人而不是他们的国民
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