1.As you pointed out, every time you come here, you learn something.
就像你们所说的，每一次来到这里都会学习到一些东西。
2.This morning, the world’s experts from I guess three or four different companies on building seats, I think concluded that ultimately, the solution is, people shouldn’t sit down.
今天早上，来自几家座椅公司的 世界级专家们 得到的最终结论是：人们不应坐下来，要继续前进。
3.I could have told them that.
我早应该告诉他们的。
4.(Laughter) Yesterday, the automotive guys gave us some new insights.
（笑声） 昨天几个汽车行业的人提出来新观点，
5.They pointed out that, I believe it was between 30 and 50 years from today, that they will be steering cars by wire, without all that mechanical stuff.
他们相信，三十到五十年后， 就可以用电线来驾车， 而不需要那些机械装置了。
6.(Laughter) That’s reassuring.
（笑声） 这真让人放心。
7.(Applause) They then pointed out there’d be, sort of, the other controls by wire, to get rid of all that mechanical stuff.
（掌声） 他们接着又说一些其他装置都可用电线操作， 就不需要机械部分了。
8.That’s pretty good, but why not get rid of the wires?
这很好，那为什么不除掉电线呢？
9.Then you don’t need anything to control the car, except thinking about it.
那么就只需意念就可以开车了。
10.I would love to talk about the technology, and sometime, in what’s past the 15 minutes, I’ll be happy to talk to all the techno-geeks around here
我想谈一下科技， 十五分钟后， 和在座的科技发烧友们谈一下
11.about what’s in here.
这个领域未来会发生什么。
12.But if I had one thing to say about this, before we get to first, it would be that from the time we started building this, the big idea wasn’t the technology.
可在此之前，我要说， 从技术发展开始， 重要的不是技术本身，
13.It really was a big idea in technology when we started applying it in the iBOT for the disabled community.
当然，当我们把科技应用到iBOT上去为残障社团服务时， 这是很重要的。
14.The big idea here is, I think, a new piece of a solution to a fairly big problem in transportation.
但我觉得现在的问题是， 用一个简单的方案来解决交通系统里的一个重大问题。
15.And maybe to put that in perspective: there’s so much data on this, I’ll be happy to give it to you in different forms.
从一方面来看：有很多的数据 我很乐意以不同的形式向你展示。
16.You never know what strikes the fancy of who, but everybody is perfectly willing to believe the car changed the world.
都不知道为什么， 大家都那么相信汽车改变了世界。
17.And Henry Ford, just about 100 years ago, started cranking out Model Ts.
大概一百年前，福特开始生产T型车
18.What I don’t think most people think about is the context of how technology is applied.
我觉得人们不会想的是 科技被应用的背景
19.For instance, in that time, 91 percent of America lived either on farms or in small towns.
比如说当时百分之九十一的美国人 住在农村和小镇
20.So, the car — the horseless carriage that replaced the horse and carriage — was a big deal; it went twice as fast as a horse and carriage.
所以汽车 也就是替代马车的无马车，是十分重要 它的速度比马车多一倍
21.It was half as long.
车身比马车短一半
22.And it was an environmental improvement, because for instance, in 1903 they outlawed horses and buggies in downtown Manhattan, because you can imagine what the roads look like
它还改善了环境卫生，因为 在1903年曼哈顿的城区已经禁行马车了， 你可以想像那些马路的模样
23.when you have a million horses, and a million of them urinating and doing other things, and the typhoid and other problems created were almost unimaginable.
当路上有很多马 而且他们都在撒尿或干别的 会酿成无数伤寒症，还有别的问题
24.So the car was the clean environmental alternative to a horse and buggy.
所以汽车是令环境更卫生的交通工具
25.It also was a way for people to get from their farm to a farm, or their farm to a town, or from a town to a city.
汽车也是让人可以来往农庄之间 走进市镇的工具
26.It all made sense, with 91 percent of the people living there.
这给百分之九十一的人口带来了方便。
27.By the 1950s, we started connecting all the towns together with what a lot of people claim is the eighth wonder of the world, the highway system.
到了20世纪50年代，我们修建高速公路系统把所有的城镇连接起来， 这被许多人称之为世界第八大奇迹。
28.And it is certainly a wonder.
这当然是个奇迹。
29.And by the way, as I take shots at old technologies, I want to assure everybody, and particularly the automotive industry — who’s been very supportive of us —
同时，因为我对旧技术感兴趣 我想向各位保证——尤其是 十分支持我们的汽车业：
30.that I don’t think this in any way competes with airplanes, or cars.
我不认为这个发明会与飞机或汽车竞争
31.But think about where the world is today.
但请想想目前的世界状况
32.50 percent of the global population now lives in cities.
世界上有一半人口正住在城市里
33.That’s 3.2 billion people.
足足是三十二亿人
34.We’ve solved all the transportation problems that have changed the world to get it to where we are today.
所有交通问题都已被解决 这些问题改变了这个世界，把它塑造成了现在的样子。
35.500 years ago, sailing ships started getting reliable enough; we found a new continent.
五百年前，已发展成熟的航海技术 让我们发现新大陆
36.150 years ago, locomotives got efficient enough, steam power, that we turned the continent into a country.
一百五十年前，蒸汽火车效率高得 让我们把一片大陆发展成一个国家
37.Over the last hundred years, we started building cars, and then over the 50 years we’ve connected every city to every other city in an extraordinarily efficient way,
在上世纪，我们开始制造汽车 让我们在以后的半个世纪以高速地 把所有城市都连接起来
38.and we have a very high standard of living as a consequence of that.
因此我们的生活质素也大大改善
39.But during that entire process, more and more people have been born, and more and more people are moving to cities.
但与此同时，越来越多婴儿出生 越来越多人迁居城市
40.China alone is going to move four to six hundred million people into cities in the next decade and a half.
在未来十五年，单是中国就有 四至六亿人会迁入城市
41.And so, nobody, I think, would argue that airplanes, in the last 50 years, have turned the continent and the country now into a neighborhood.
因此，没有人会否认在以往五十年间 飞机把大陆和国家转化为一个社区
42.And if you just look at how technology has been applied, we’ve solved all the long-range, high-speed, high-volume, large-weight problems of moving things around.
如果观察科技如何被实践 我们已经解决了运输过程中的 长距离，高速度，大容量，超重量的问题。
43.Nobody would want to give them up.
没有人会想舍弃这些技术
44.And I certainly wouldn’t want to give up my airplane, or my helicopter, or my Humvee, or my Porsche.
当然，我也舍不得我的飞机 直升机、悍马或保时捷
45.I love them all. I don’t keep any of them in my living room.
虽然我不把它们放在家中，我还是很喜欢它们
46.The fact is, the last mile is the problem, and half the world now lives in dense cities.
事实是，问题是在最后路段 当一半人口现居于城中
47.And people spend, depending on who they are, between 90 and 95 percent of their energy getting around on foot.
而且因人而异的 人们差不多耗费了花九成至九成半体用于步行
48.I think there’s — I don’t know what data would impress you, but how about, 43 percent of the refined fuel produced in the world is consumed by cars in metropolitan areas in the United States.
我不知道怎样的数据才能让你感到震撼 美国大城市里的汽车消耗掉了 全球百分之四十三的精炼燃油
49.Three million people die every year in cities due to bad air, and almost all particulate pollution on this planet is produced by transportation devices, particularly sitting in cities.
每年有三百万市民死于空气污染 几乎地球上所有粉尘污染 都是源于交通工具，尤其市区里的
50.And again, I say that not to attack any industry, I think — I really do — I love my airplane, and cars on highways moving 60 miles an hour
还有，我不是要攻击任何行业 我真的很喜欢我的飞机 还有在高速公路上以每小时六十英里奔驰着的车子
51.are extraordinarily efficient, both from an engineering point of view, an energy consumption point of view, and a utility point of view.
效率是超然的 以上两点都是从工程 能源消耗和效益角度上出发
52.And we all love our cars, and I do.
我们都爱自己的车子，我也是
53.The problem is, you get into the city and you want to go four blocks, it’s neither fun nor efficient nor productive.
问题是，如果你走进市里，想走四段街段 这既无聊又低效
54.It’s not sustainable.
持续性也低
55.If — in China, in the year 1998, 417 million people used bicycles; 1.7 million people used cars.
如果，在1998年的中国，四亿一千七百万人骑自行车 一百七十万人开车
56.If five percent of that population became, quote, middle class, and wanted to go the way we’ve gone in the last hundred years at the same time that 50 percent of their population are moving into cities
如果当中百分之五的人成为了所谓的中产人士 并希望走我们在过去百年我们走过的路 同时当中一半人口每隔六周
57.of the size and density of Manhattan, every six weeks — it isn’t sustainable environmentally, it isn’t sustainable economically — there just ain’t enough oil.
迁入面积和密度跟曼哈顿一样城市 环境受不了 经济受不了，因为没有足够的石油
58.And it’s not sustainable politically.
政治上也不可承受
59.I mean, what are we fighting over right now?
我说的是，我们现在到底在争夺什么呢？
60.We can make it complicated, but what’s the world fighting over right now?
我们可以把问题变得复杂，但世界现在到底在争夺什么呢？
61.So it seemed to me that somebody had to work on that last mile, and it was dumb luck; we were working on iBOTs.
对我来说，有人要在最后路段上下工夫 幸运的是我们在研发iBOTs。
62.But once we made this, we instantly decided it could be a great alternative to jet skis. You don’t need the water.
可是我们认为一旦研发成功 它会马上取代汽艇，你不需要水也可以开。
63.Or snowmobiles. You don’t need the snow.
或者可以替代雪上摩托，你不需要雪也可以开。
64.Or skiing. It’s just fun, and people love to move around doing fun things.
或者滑雪，这是纯粹娱乐而己，大家还是喜爱四处玩耍的
65.And every one of those industries, by the way — just golf carts alone is a multi-billion-dollar industry.
另外，当中所有行业之中 只有高尔夫车才是价值数以十亿美元计的行业
66.But rather than go license this off, which is what we normally do, it seemed to me that if we put all our effort not into the technology,
没有做我们常常做的取消其执照， 我觉得如果我们不把所有的精力用在技术上
67.but into an understanding of a world that’s solved all its other problems, but has somehow come to accept that cities — which, right back from ancient Greece on, were meant to walk around,
而是专注理解其他世界上的问题如何解决 并开始接受城市， 回到古希腊时代，就是说人们要徒步走路
68.cities that were architected and built for people — now have a footprint that, while we’ve solved every other transportation problem —
为人类而建的城市 现在有足迹 当所有运输难题都已解决
69.and it’s like Moore’s law.
正如摩尔定律般
70.I mean, look at the time it took to cross a continent in a Conestoga wagon, then on a railroad, then an airplane.
我是说，看看用科内斯托加旅行车穿过大陆需要多长时间， 对比用火车和飞机的时间
71.Every other form of transportation’s been improved.
所有交通工具都进化了
72.In 5,000 years, we’ve gone backwards in getting around cities.
过了五千年，我们又回到了城市
73.They’ve gotten bigger, they’re spread out.
城市变得更大更广
74.The most expensive real estate on this planet in every city — Wilshire Boulevard, or Fifth Avenue, or Tokyo, or Paris — the most expensive real estate is their downtowns.
各城市中最贵的房地产 威尔希尔大道，第五大道，东京，或巴黎—— 最贵的房地产就位于市中心
75.65 percent of the landmass of our cities are parked cars.
市区内共有百分之65的地区是用作泊车的
76.The 20 largest cities in the world.
全球二十大城市
77.So you wonder, what if cities could give to their pedestrians what we take for granted as we now go between cities?
你或许会问，要是城市可以给行人 我们现在来往城市时认为是理所当然的东西呢？
78.What if you could make them fun, attractive, clean, environmentally friendly?
要是我们可以使城市变得更有趣、更吸引、更整洁 更环保？
79.What if it would make it a little bit more palatable to have access via this, as that last link to mass transit, to get out to your cars so we can all live in the suburbs
如果可以让可以通过大众运输的最后一环 走出来，走向你的汽车变得更合意， 因此我们可以都生活在郊区，
80.and use our cars the way we want, and then have our cities energized again?
随心所欲的使用汽车， 让城市再次充满活力呢？
81.We thought it would be really neat to do that, and one of the problems we really were worried about is, how do we get legal on the sidewalk,
能够这么做也真不错 我们关注的问题之一 是如何合法地在人行道上行走
82.because technically I’ve got motors, I’ve got wheels — I’m a motor vehicle.
因为技术上我有马达和车轮，我就是一辆机动车
83.I don’t look like a motor vehicle.
但我看上去不像机动车
84.I have the same footprint as a pedestrian, I have the same unique capability to deal with other pedestrians in a crowded space.
我跟行人一样会留下足迹 也有同样的独特能力 在拥挤的地方处理同其他行人之间的问题。
85.I took this down to Ground Zero, and knocked my way through crowds for an hour.
我从零开始做起， 在人群中走了一个小时。
86.I’m a pedestrian. But the law typically lags technology by a generation or two, and if we get told we don’t belong on the sidewalk, we have two choices.
我是行人。但法律通常比科技落后一至两代 如果我们不能走人行道，我们有两个选择
87.We’re a recreational vehicle that doesn’t really matter, and I don’t spend my time doing that kind of stuff.
我们可以成为无关紧要的娱乐设施， 但我不会把时间花在这上
88.Or maybe we should be out in the street in front of a Greyhound bus or a vehicle.
或者我们应该走上街道 同灰狗巴士或机车一道。
89.We’ve been so concerned about that, we went to the Postmaster General of the United States, as the first person we ever showed on the outside,
我们向来十分关注这问题 我们曾走到邮政署长面前 第一个展示给了他看
90.and said, “Put your people on it, everybody trusts their postman.
并说，“给你们的人装备这个吧，大家都信任邮递员。
91.And they belong on the sidewalks, and they’ll use it seriously.”
他们应该在人行道上使用，他们会认真使用它的。”
92.He agreed. We went to a number of police departments that want their police officers back in the neighborhood on the beat, carrying 70 pounds of stuff. They love it.
他同意了，我们去了数个警察部门 他们想让警员们及时深入邻里社区 并携带这70多磅的物品。他们爱死了这个。
93.And I can’t believe a policeman is going to give themselves a ticket.
我就不相信警察会给自己发罚单
94.(Laughter) So we’ve been working really, really hard, but we knew that the technology would not be as hard to develop as an attitude about what’s important, and how to apply the technology.
(笑声) 所以我们真的下了很多工夫 但我们知道技术的发展， 不会像培养权衡轻重和应用科技的心态那样困难
95.We went out and we found some visionary people with enough money to let us design and build these things, and in hopefully enough time to get them accepted.
我们遇过一些有远见的人 提供足够资金，让我们研发这东西 希望给了我们足够的时间让他们满意。
96.So, I’m happy, really, I am happy to talk about this technology as much as you want.
我很乐意谈论这项技术
97.And yes, it’s really fun, and yes, you should all go out and try it.
这真的很有趣，你该出去试一试
98.But if I could ask you to do one thing, it’s not to think about it as a piece of technology, but just imagine that, although we all understand somehow
如果我能要求你做一件事， 不是要把它当成是一种技术 而是想像，虽然我们都理解
99.that it’s reasonable that we use our 4,000 pound machine, which can go 60 miles an hour, that can bring you everywhere you want to go,
我们用这台四千磅的机器 以每小时六十英里的速度行驶 把我们带到任何我们想去的地方的合理性
100.and somehow it’s also what we used for the last mile, and it’s broken, and it doesn’t work.
也是我们在最后一英里使用的工具， 它坏了，不能开动了
101.One of the more exciting things that occurred to us about why it might get accepted, happened out here in California.
我们遇过最兴奋的事情之一 让我们觉得它可能会被接受，就在加州这里发生了
102.A few weeks ago, after we launched it, we were here with a news crew on Venice Beach, zipping up and back, and he’s marveling at the technology,
几个星期以前，我们发布之后， 在威尼斯滩，我们带着一个新闻工作者来 惊叹着这技术
103.and meanwhile bicycles are zipping by, and skateboarders are zipping by, and a little old lady — I mean, if you looked in the dictionary,
期间骑自行车的走过来 踏滑板的走过来 一个矮小的老太太，去查字典吧，
104.a little old lady — came by me — and now that I’m on this, I’m the height of a normal adult now — and she just stops, and the camera is there, and she looks up at me
她来我这边 当时我这上面，跟一般成年人一样高 她停下来，镜头就在那边，她抬头看着我
105.and says, “Can I try that?”
说：“我可以试吗？”
106.And what was I — you know, how are you going to say anything?
我们怎么会说什么呢？
107.And so I said, “Sure.”
所以我说：“当然可以”
108.So I get off, and she gets on, and with a little bit of the usual, ah, then she turns around, and she goes about 20 feet, and she turns back around, and she’s all smiles.
我下来，她上去，有点像习以为常的 然后她转着，大概走了二十尺 再往后走，她全程都笑着
109.And she comes back to me and she stops, and she says, “Finally, they made something for us.”
她回来停下来，说： ”终于有人给我们制造了些什么。“
110.And the camera is looking down at her.
镜头往下对着她
111.I’m thinking, “Wow, that was great — (Laughter) — please lady, don’t say another word.”
我心想：“太好了 (笑声) ——女士，请不要说别的。”
112.(Laughter) And the camera is down at her, and this guy has to put the microphone in her face, said, “What do you mean by that?”
(笑声) 镜头仍然对着她 那位采访员把麦克风对着她 问：“你这么说是什么意思？”
113.And I figured, “It’s all over now,”
我当时想，“都完了。”
114.and she looks up and she says, “Well,”
她抬头说：“嗯”
115.she’s still watching these guys go, she says, “I can’t ride a bike,” no, she says, “I can’t use a skateboard, and I’ve never used roller blades,”
她仍然看着那些人，说着，“我不会骑单车，” 不， “我不会滑板，也不会滑旱冰，”
116.she knew them by name; she says, “And it’s been 50 years since I rode a bicycle.”
她知道它们的名字 “我五十年没有骑过自行车了。”
117.Then she looks up, she’s looking up, and she says, “And I’m 81 years old, and I don’t drive a car anymore, I still have to get to the store, and I can’t carry a lot of things.”
然后她抬头说： “我现在81岁了，不能开车了， 我还是要去商店，我不能提很多东西，”
118.And it suddenly occurred to me, that among my many fears, were not just that the bureaucracy and the regulators and the legislators might not get it,
突然我意识到，在我的许多恐惧之中， 并不仅仅是官僚，监管当局 或立法人员不能明白
119.it was that, fundamentally, you believe there’s pressure among the people not to invade the most precious little bit of space left,
而基本上，有种来自群众的压力 叫你不要侵占这些城市中仅余的一点
120.the sidewalks in these cities.
珍贵的人行道上的空间
121.When you look at the 36 inches of legal requirement for sidewalk, then the eight foot for the parked car, then the three lanes, and then the other eight feet — it’s —
看着法律规定的36英寸宽的人行道时， 停车位的八英尺，加上三个车道 然后又八尺
122.that little piece is all that’s there.
这就是所剩下的空间了。
123.But she looks up and says this, and it occurs to me, well, kids aren’t going to mind these things, and they don’t vote, and business people and then young adults
可是她抬头这么说 让我意识到，孩子们不会在意这些东西， 他们也不投票，商人和青少年
124.aren’t going to mind these things, they’re pretty cool, so I guess subliminally I was worried that it’s the older population that’s going to worry.
都不会介意，他们很通达， 所以我猜我是潜意识地担心 老人们会在意。
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