关于学习障碍的思考【中英文对照】

1.When I was 10 years old, a cousin of mine took me on a tour of his medical school.
我十岁的时候， 我的一个表兄带我参观了他上的医学院。
2.And as a special treat, he took me to the pathology lab and took a real human brain out of the jar and placed it in my hands.
作为一次特别优待 他带我去了病理学实验室 拿出一个真正的人脑 从一个罐子里 把它放在了我手里。
3.And there it was, the seat of human consciousness, the powerhouse of the human body, sitting in my hands.
就是这 这里就是人们意识的载体 人们身体的司令部 它就在我手中
4.And that day I knew that when I grew up, I was going to become a brain doctor, scientist, something or the other.
这一天我知道当我长大 我会成为一名研究大脑的医生 科学家，或者是其他的什么，
5.Years later, when I finally grew up, my dream came true.
几年之后，当我真地长大了， 我的梦想实现了。
6.And it was while I was doing my Ph.D.
就在我做
7.on the neurological causes of dyslexia in children that I encountered a startling fact that I’d like to share with you all today.
关于儿童阅读障碍的神经学起因 的博士论文时 我发现了一个令人吃惊的现象 今天我想以此与你们分享。
8.It is estimated that one in six children, that’s one in six children, suffer from some developmental disorder.
据估计有六分之一的儿童， 六分之一呀， 受发展障碍的影响。
9.This is a disorder that retards mental development in the child and causes permanent mental impairments.
这是一种 妨碍儿童智力发展， 甚至导致智力永久损伤的疾病。
10.Which means that each and every one of you here today knows at least one child that is suffering from a developmental disorder.
这意味着今天在座的各位中每六个人中就有一个人 知道至少一个孩子正在受 发展障碍疾病的折磨。
11.But here’s what really perplexed me.
但是困扰我的还不是这个。
12.Despite the fact that each and every one of these disorders originates in the brain, most of these disorders are diagnosed solely on the basis
尽管每一种 每一种疾病 都可以在大脑中找到根源， 但大部分 只能通过可观察到的
13.of observable behavior.
行为来确诊。
14.But diagnosing a brain disorder without actually looking at the brain is analogous to treating a patient with a heart problem based on their physical symptoms,
诊断一种脑部疾病 却不直接查看大脑 就像是治疗心脏病人 根据他们的身体症状，
15.without even doing an ECG or a chest X-ray to look at the heart.
而不做心电图或者胸部X-光片 来查看心脏。
16.It seemed so intuitive to me.
我凭直觉感到
17.To diagnose and treat a brain disorder accurately, it would be necessary to look at the brain directly.
要准确地诊断治疗脑部疾病 直接查看大脑是很必要的。
18.Looking at behavior alone can miss a vital piece of the puzzle and provide an incomplete, or even a misleading, picture of the child’s problems.
直接观察行为本身 就可能错过至关重要的信息 而仅仅提供一种不完整， 甚至能让人误解的构想。
19.Yet, despite all the advances in medical technology, the diagnosis of brain disorders in one in six children still remained so limited.
但是，尽管有先进的医疗技术， 要诊断出六分之一 患病儿童的病因 依然不是件容易的事。
20.And then I came across a team at Harvard University that had taken one such advanced medical technology and finally applied it, instead of in brain research,
之后我便遇到了哈佛大学的一个小组， 他们已经研发出了先进的医疗技术 并最终把这种技术 应用到了诊断儿童脑部疾病中
21.towards diagnosing brain disorders in children.
而不是应用到脑部研究。
22.Their groundbreaking technology records the EEG, or the electrical activity of the brain, in real time, allowing us to watch the brain
他们极具创造力的技术 记录下了脑电图或实时的 脑部电波活动， 这可以让我们观察大脑
23.as it performs various functions and then detect even the slightest abnormality in any of these functions: vision, attention, language, audition.
在它履行各种功能时 然后就我们就可以发现一些轻微的反常之处 在下面的这些功能中， 视觉，注意力，语言，听觉。
24.A program called Brain Electrical Activity Mapping then triangulates the source of that abnormality in the brain.
有一项叫做大脑电波 活动图谱的工程 会找出大脑中的 反常的地方
25.And another program called Statistical Probability Mapping then performs mathematical calculations to determine whether any of these abnormalities
另一项叫做 统计概率图谱的工程 用数学计算的办法 来算出这些反常是否
26.are clinically significant, allowing us to provide a much more accurate neurological diagnosis of the child’s symptoms.
在临床上有用， 如果有用就给我们提供了一种更准确的 神经诊断方法 对儿童的症状。
27.And so I became the head of neurophysiology for the clinical arm of this team, and we’re finally able to use this technology towards actually helping
就这样我成为了这个团队中 临床分支的领导者。 最终我们可以用这种技术 来帮助那些有大脑障碍的
28.children with brain disorders.
儿童。
29.And I’m happy to say that I’m now in the process of setting up this technology here in India.
我很高兴现在我正在 将这项技术在印度建立起来。
30.I’d like to tell you about one such child, whose story was also covered by ABC News.
我想告诉你这样一个孩子， 他的故事也被ABC新闻报道过。
31.Seven-year-old Justin Senigar came to our clinic with this diagnosis of very severe autism.
七岁的查斯丁 西尼加 来到我们诊所 他被诊断患有严重的自闭症。
32.Like many autistic children, his mind was locked inside his body.
像许多自闭症儿童一样 他的思想被禁闭在身体中。
33.There were moments when he would actually space out for seconds at a time.
就曾出现过他经常 独自发呆几秒钟的情况。
34.And the doctors told his parents he was never going to be able to communicate or interact socially, and he would probably never have too much language.
医生告诉他的父母 他再也不能 与人交流了， 他可能不太会说话了。
35.When we used this groundbreaking EEG technology to actually look at Justin’s brain, the results were startling.
当我们用这种创造性的脑电图技术 查看查斯丁的大脑时 结果令人吃惊。
36.It turned out that Justin was almost certainly not autistic.
它显示查斯丁几乎没有自闭症。 他正在受癫痫的折磨
37.He was suffering from brain seizures that were impossible to see with the naked eye, but that were actually causing symptoms that mimicked those of autism.
他正在受癫痫的折磨 而这几乎不可能用肉眼发现， 却引起了像自闭症 一样的症状。
38.After Justin was given anti-seizure medication, the change in him was amazing.
在治疗查斯丁的癫痫时， 他的变化很惊人。
39.Within a period of 60 days, his vocabulary went from two to three words to 300 words.
60天之内， 他的词汇量从两三个单词 提高到300个单词。