StewartBrand_万年钟【中英文对照】

1.Welcome to 10,000 feet.
欢迎来到一万英尺的高空
2.Let me explain why we are here and why some of you have a pine cone close to you.
先让我介绍一下我们为什么会在这里吧 也许你们有些人手上就有松塔
3.Once upon a time, I did a book called “How Buildings Learn.”
我曾经写过一本书，叫《建筑是如何学习的》
4.Today’s event you might call “How Mountains Teach.”
今天这一演讲你可以理解为“大山是怎么施教的”
5.A little background: For 10 years I’ve been trying to figure out how to hack civilization so that we can get long-term thinking to be automatic and common instead of difficult and rare —
先谈一下一些背景：过去的十年，我一直琢磨着 破解人类文明，使得我们能够有长远的思维 使得这样的思维方式成为常态，而不是这种艰难或根本就没有的思维
6.or in some cases, non-existent.
或者在某些情况下，它们就根本不存在
7.It would be helpful if humanity got into the habit of thinking of the now not just as next week or next quarter, but you know, next 10,000 years and the last 10,000 years —
假如人类可以养成长线思考的习惯，那将是大好事 就是说，现在不是指这个星期或下个季度 而是未来一万年以及过去的一万年
8.basically civilization’s story so far.
那也是人类文明史所走过的时间
9.So we have the Long Now Foundation in San Francisco.
长久基金会就在旧金山
10.It’s an incubator for about a dozen projects, all having to do with continuity over the long term.
它是一系列项目的孵化器 这些项目都是与长线思考相关的项目
11.Our core project is a rather ambitious folly — I suppose, a mythic undertaking: to build a 10,000-year clock that can really keep good time for that long a period.
而我们的核心项目是一个相当宏伟的愚公移山式的工程 可以说是一个颇具神话色彩的项目吧，就是要建一个万年钟 一个可以一直很好记时的万年钟
12.And the design problems of a project like that are just absolutely delicious.
而这样一个计划所带来的设计难题也是相当迷人的
13.Go to the clock. And what we have here is something many of you saw here three years ago.
好吧，先回到这个钟。 这里看到的其实你们很多人三年前已经看过
14.It’s the first working prototype of the clock.
这是我们制作的第一个可以运行的万年钟模型
15.It’s about nine feet high.
高九英尺
16.Designed by Danny Hillis and Alexander Rose. It’s presently in London, and is ticking away very deliberately at the science museum there.
是由Danny Hillis以及Alexander Rose设计的，它现在放在伦敦 就在科学博物馆里安静地行走着
17.So the design problem for today is going to be, how do you house an eventual monumental clock like this so it can really tick, save time beautifully for 100 centuries?
所以说，我们今天面临的设计上的难题是 怎样永久妥善的安放这样一个钟 使之可以在一万年之内都能平稳的运行，并准确的计时？
18.Well, this was the first solution.
这是第一个方案
19.Alexander Rose came up with this idea of a spiraloid tower with continuous sloping ramps.
Alexander Rose提出这个设想 用一系列的斜坡做成一个螺旋型的塔
20.And it looked like a way to go, until you start thinking about, what does deep time do to a building?
这个想法似乎不错 而一旦你想到长久时间对一座建筑带来的破坏时
21.Well, this is what deep time does to a building.
看，这就是长久时间对建筑带来的破坏
22.This is the Parthenon. It’s only 2,450 years old, and look what happened to it.
这是帕提农神庙，它建成至今只有2450年之久 看看它身上发生了什么
23.Here’s a beautiful project. They really knew it’d last forever, because they’d build it out of absolutely huge stones.
这是一个很美的工程 建筑者以为它可以永世长存 因为他们是用巨型的石块建成的
24.And now it’s a pathetic ruin and no one even knows what it was used for.
现在看到的就只是一堆烂石 也没有人知道那里原来是用作何种用途的
25.That’s what happens to buildings. They’re vulnerable.
这就是建筑的命运 它们都是不堪岁月洗礼的
26.Even the most durable and intactable buildings, like the pyramids of Giza, are in bad shape when you look up close.
即使是最为持久、最为坚固的建筑 比如吉萨城的金字塔，都已经满目仓荑
27.They’ve been looted inside and out.
盗墓者里里外外把坟墓淘空了
28.And they’re built to protect things but they don’t protect things.
这些建筑本来是用来保存东西的，但事实上它们起不到这个作用
29.So we got to thinking, if you can’t put things safely in a building, where can you safely put them? We thought, OK, underground.
所以我们想，既然用建筑来放东西不是一个安稳的办法 哪里才是好的存放地呢？我们想，不如放到地下？
30.How about underground with a view?
在地表上装一个观测的窗口？
31.Underground in a place that’s really solid.
找一个相当坚固的地方。
32.So the obvious answer was, we need a mountain.
答案很明显，我们需要找到一座山
33.You don’t want just any mountain.
并且不仅仅是一座山
34.You need absolutely the right mountain if you’re going to have a clock for 10,000 years.
我们需要合适的山 只有那样才能存放一个万年的钟
35.So here’s an image of the long view of the search problem.
于是，我们又遇到了搜寻合适的地点的难题
36.And we got to thinking for various reasons it ought to be a desert mountain, so we got looking in the dry areas of the Southwest.
基于多方面的考虑，我们想到那必须是一个位于沙漠地带的山 于是我们就到美国西南部的干旱地带搜寻
37.We looked at mesas in New Mexico.
我们看了新墨西哥州的山谷地
38.We were looking at dead volcanoes in Arizona.
看了亚利桑那州的死火山
39.Then Roger Kennedy, who was the director of the National Parks Service, led us to Eastern Nevada, to America’s newest and oldest national park,
这时，国家公园服务处的Roger Kennedy找到我们 把我们带到内华达州东部 来到美国最年轻也最古老的国家公园
40.which is called Great Basin National Park.
那就是大盘地国家公园
41.It’s right on the eastern border of Nevada.
就在内华达州东部的边界上
42.It’s the highest range in the state — over 13,000 feet.
那里是整个州最高的地方，有一万三千英尺高
43.And you’ll notice that on the left, on the left, on the west, it’s very steep, and on the right it’s gentle.
你会看到，在左边，在西边，那里非常陡峭 而在右边则非常缓和
44.This place is remote. It’s over 200 miles from any major city.
这个地方相当偏僻，离最近的大城市都要200英里
45.It’s nowhere near any Interstate or railroad.
旁边没有任何的州际公路或铁路
46.And it’s — the only thing that goes by is what’s called America’s loneliest highway, U.S. 50.
附近只有一个称之为 美国50号公路，那是美国最寂寞的公路
47.Now, inside the yellow line here, on the right is — that’s all national park.
在这黄线里面，右边是国家公园
48.Inside the green line is national forest.
绿线里面就是国家森林
49.And then over to the left is Bureau of Land Management land and some private land.
左边是国土管理局以及其他私人领地
50.Now, as it happened, that two-mile-long strip right in the middle, this vertical, was available because it was private land.
而刚好中间那一段两英里长的狭窄地带 这个竖状地带是私人领地，它可以出让
51.And thanks to Jay Walker who was here and Mitch Kapor who was here, who started the process, Long Now was able to get that two-mile-long strip of land.
感谢Jay Walker以及Mitch Kapor，他们两个今天都在这里 这是在他们的支持下，我们得以启动这一项目，买下了这块地
52.And now let’s look at the grand truth of what’s there.
好吧，让我们看看那里到底有些什么吧
53.We’re in Pole Canyon, looking west up the western escarpment of Mount Washington, which is 11,600 feet on top.
我们就在峡谷顶上，西边就是华盛顿山脉的悬崖 那里的最高峰有11600英尺高
54.Those white cliffs are a dense Cambrian limestone.
那些悬崖都是由密集的寒武纪钟乳石构成的
55.That’s a 2,000-foot thick formation, and it might be a beautiful place to hide a clock.
有两千英尺厚 用来藏一个钟应该是不错的选择
56.It would be a pilgrimage to get to it; it would be a serious hike to get up to where the clock is.
人们要想去到那里的话，就须得像朝圣者那样徒步前往 一步一步的攀上悬崖
57.So last June, the Long Now board, some staff and some donors and advisors, made a two-week expedition to the mountain to explore it and investigate, one, if it’s the right mountain,
去年六月，长久基金会的董事会成员、一些职员以及捐赠者 花了两周时间在那里考察 一来是想知道那里是否真的合适
58.and two, if it’s the right mountain, how it might actually work for us.
假如合适的话，我们可以怎么具体去开展这一项目
59.Now Danny Hillis sort of framed the problem.
Danny Hillis 尝试这样去解决这个问题
60.He has a theory of how the overall clock experience should work.
他提出了一套理论，向人们解释这一神秘的探访过程是怎么一回事
61.It’s what he calls the seven stages of a mythic adventure.
他说，这一过程包括七个环节
62.It starts with the image. The image is a picture you have in your mind of the goal at the end of the journey.
一开始是一个图像，也就是在你头脑中形成的图像 你想象着自己必须完成这一段旅程
63.In this case it might well be an image of the clock.
也许旅程的尽头就是一个钟在等着你
64.Then there’s the point of embarkation, that is, the point of transition from ordinary life to being a pilgrim on a quest.
而后就是出发，这就是行程的开始点 从平常的生活转变为求索的朝圣者
65.Then — this is a nice image of it, there’s the labyrinth.
而后呢，就是走进迷宫——这一点相当迷人
66.The labyrinth is a concept, it’s like a twilight zone, it’s a place where it’s difficult, where you get disoriented, maybe you get scared — but you have to go through it
迷宫是一个概念，就有如一个幽暗地带 要走出非常艰难，你会迷路 甚至会被吓坏了——但你必须要走过去
67.if you’re going to get to some kind of deep reintegration.
假如你要获得某种深度的融合的话
68.Then there should always be in sight the draw — a kind of a beacon that draws you on through the labyrinth to finish the process of getting there.
再而后你肯定会看到 像航标那样的东西，指引你走过重重的迷宫 最终走出迷宫
69.Now Brian Eno, who’s been in the thick of the Long Now process, spent two years making a C.D. called “January 7003,”
音乐家Brian Eno——他全程参与了长久基金会的这一项目 花了两年时间制作了一张名为“7003的一月”的CD
70.and it’s “Bell Studies for the Clock of the Long Now.”
“关于万年钟的贝尔研究”
71.Based on — parts of it are based on an algorithm that Danny Hillis developed, so that a peal of 10 bells makes a different peal every day for 10,000 years.
其中一部分是根据Danny  Hillis开创的算法制作的 十个铃组成一串 万年钟在一万年的光阴里每天都可以发出不一样的系列钟声
72.The Hillis algorithm. 10 factorial gives you that number.
Hillis的算法可以通过指数10达到这一目的
73.And in fact, pretty soon we’ll hear the sound.
我们马上就能听到这声音了
74.January 7003. There it is.
”7003的一月“。听
75.OK, back to Danny’s list.
现在回到Danny Hillis那个七个环节
76.Number five of the seven is the payoff. This is it. The climax.
第五点是回报，就是它，最让人兴奋的时光
77.The goal. The main thing that you’re trying to get to.
你到了终点了，到了你想去的地方
78.And then Danny says a really great journey will have a secret payoff.
Danny说这样一个伟大的旅途应该有一个神秘的收获的
79.Something you didn’t expect that caps what you did expect.
那是你意想不到的收获
80.Then there’s the return.
这就是你的收获
81.You’ve got to have a gradual return to the ordinary world, so you have time to assimilate what you’ve learned.
你要慢慢的返回到平常世界 你才会慢慢的消化学到的东西
82.And then, how about a memento? Number seven.
然后呢，是不是应该有一个记念？第七个环节
83.At the end of it there’s something physical, a kind of reward that you take away.
到最后有一种物质的东西 一种你可以拿走的回报
84.It might be a piece of a core drill of the mountain.
也许是一件开山岩的钻头
85.Something that’s just yours.
一件你自己的东西
86.How do you study a mountain for the kinds of things we’re talking about?
你如何去研究一座山？ 研究刚才提到的那些特征？
87.This is not a normal building project.
这不是一个平常的建筑项目
88.What do you look for?
要注意些什么呢？
89.What are the elements that will most affect your ideas and decisions?
什么是最能影响你的思想与决定的？
90.Start with borders. If you look on the left side of the cliffs here, that’s national park. That’s sacrosanct — you can’t do anything with that. To the right of it is national forest.
我们从边界开始，假如你仔细看悬崖的左边 那里是国家公园，是一 块神圣之地 这块地不能动用，右边则是国家森林
91.There’s possibilities. The borders are important.
那里有可能（成为选址地），但是对边界必须非常小心
92.Other elements were mines, weather, approaches and elevation.
其他需要考虑的因素是矿井、天气、进去的难度以及攀登的高度
93.And especially trees. Look at those things up on top there.
还有特别要留意树。大家看看山顶上有些什么
94.It turns out that Mount Washington is covered with bristlecone pines.
事实上，华盛顿山脉上面覆盖了古刺果松
95.They’re the world’s oldest living thing.
它们是世界上现存的活下来的最古老的生物
96.People think they’re just the size of shrubs, but that’s not actually true.
人们以为它们只有灌木丛那么大小，其实不是
97.There are trees on that mountain that are 5,000 years old and still living.
那座山上有的树其树龄已达五千年了，还在生长着
98.The wood is so solid it’s like stone, and it lasts for a long time.
这棵树的木质是如此坚固，简直有如石块，它已经久很长的时间了
99.So when you do tree ring studies of trunks that are on the mountain, some of them go back 10,000 years.
要是你对高山上的树进行年轮测试 有些还可以追溯到上万年前呢
100.The stone itself is absolutely beautiful, sculpted by millennia of very tough winters up there.
而这些“石头”本身也非常美丽 因为它们经历了千万年风雨的洗礼
101.We had tree ring analysts from the University of Arizona join us on the expedition.
亚利桑那大学对那里的树做了年轮测试 他们跟我们一起去的
102.Now, if you guys have a pine cone handy, now’s a good time to put it in your hand and feel it, especially on the end.
好，假如你们手上有松塔的话 可以用手去摸摸它，特别是顶端。
103.That’s interesting.
很有趣的
104.You’ll find out why it’s called a bristlecone pine. A little sensory experience.
你可以体会到它为何叫古刺果松了，你能感觉到的
105.Here’s Danny Hillis in the midst of a bristlecone pine forest on Long Now land. I should say that the age of bristlecones was discovered, led by a theory.
图片上那个就是Danny Hillis，它就在一片古刺果松林里 在这块万年钟的土地上，我应该提起这一树种的树龄测算 它是由一个理论推导出来的
106.Edmund Schulman in the 1950s had been studying trees under great stress at Timberline, and came to the realization that he put in an article in Science magazine
Edmund Schulman在1950年代 他在Timberline公司用高压研究这些树木 最后推出一理论，在《科学》杂志上写一文章公布其结果。
107.called, “Longevity under Adversity in Conifers.”
题为“困厄铸就长寿——针叶树的研究”
108.And then, based on that principle, he started looking around at the various trees at Timberline, and realized that the bristlecone pines —
他起初按照这一理论原理，对该地的周围进行研究 在Timerline公司研究各样的树种 结果发现这种古刺果松
109.he found some in the White Mountains that were over 4,000 years old.
他在怀特山脉发现的这种树有大约4000年的树龄
110.Longevity under adversity is a pretty interesting design principle in its own right.
“困厄出长寿”本身也是一个很有趣的设计法则
111.OK, onto the mines. The first asking price for the property when we looked at it in 1998 was one billion dollars for 180 acres and a couple of mines.
好，我们再看看矿井。最初 是以土地要价 1998年我们第一次去看的时候，那里的要价是十亿美元可以买180英亩的地以及少许的矿井
112.Because the owner said, “There’s one billion dollars of beryllium in that mountain.”
因为土地的主人说地里有价值十亿的铍
113.And we said, “Wow, that’s great. Listen, we’ll counter. How about zero?
我们说，太棒了——我们能不能以零价购买，我们不要那些矿藏？
114.(Laughter) And we’re a non-profit foundation, you can give us the property and take a hell of a tax deduction.
（笑声） 我们是一个非牟利的基金会，你可以直接把地给我们啊 还能减免一大笔的税金呢
115.(Laughter) All you have to do is prove to the government it’s worth a billion dollars.”
（笑声） 只要你能向政府证明那块地值十亿就行了
116.Well, a few years went by and there was some kind of back and forth, and by and by, thanks to Mitch and Jay, we were able to buy the whole property for 140,000 dollars.
又过了几年，我们之间也有一些往复 最后，在Mitch Kapor和Jay的帮助下 我们最终以14万美金买下了这块地
117.This is one of the mines. It doesn’t have any beryllium in it.
这是其中一个矿井，里面根本就没有铍
118.It’s called the Pole Adit. And it does have tungsten, a little bit of tungsten, left over, that’s the kind of mine it was.
它叫Pole Adit，里面有钨矿 不过仅仅是一点点遗留下来的，这就是它的模样
119.But it goes a mile-and-a-half in a straight line, due east into the range, into very interesting territory — except that, as you’ll see when we go inside in a minute,
它里面有一段是长达1.5英里的直线距离 一直延伸到东部，去到一个非常有趣的地方 我们去到里面你就可以看得到
120.we were hoping for limestone but in there is just shale.
本希望看到钟乳石的，可惜只是看得到页岩
121.And shale is not quite completely competent rock.
页岩又不是很坚固的石块
122.Competent rock is rock that will hold itself up without any shoring.
坚固的石块是不需要任何的外物支撑即可树在那里的
123.The shale would like some shoring, and so parts of it are caved in in there.
而页岩则是需要一些支撑的 它的有些部分是深深陷入洞里的
124.That’s Ben Roberts from — he’s the bat specialist from the National Park.
这是Ben Roberts，他是国家公园的蝙蝠专家
125.But there are many wonders back in there, like this weird fungus on some of the collapsed timbers.
里面还有很多奇异的东西，比如这个真菌 它就生长在一个枯萎的木头上
126.OK, here’s another mine that’s up on top of the property, and it dates back to 1870.
这是另外一个矿井，它在山上 它的历史可以追溯到 1870年
127.That’s what the property was originally built around — it was a set of mining claims. It was a very productive silver mine.
那是这块土地最初开发的时间 很多矿井项目都在这里开始，那是一个高产的银矿
128.In fact, it was the highest-operating mine in Nevada, and it ran year round.
事实上，它是内华达州海拔最高的作业矿井 一年到头都在开工
129.You can imagine what it was like in the winter at 10,000 feet.
你可以想象在冬季的时候在一万英尺的地方工作是怎么样的感觉
130.You may recognize a couple of the miners there.
你也许认识开矿的几位探险者
131.There’s Jeff Bezos on the right and Paul Saville on the left looking for galena, which is the lead-silver thing. They didn’t find any.
右边是 Jeff Bezos 左边是 Paul Saville ，他们正在找方铅矿 可是找不到
132.They both kept their day jobs. Here’s the last mine.
他们白天都有工作，这是最后一个矿井
133.It’s called the Bonanza Adit. It’s down in a canyon.
它叫Bonanza Adit，是在峡谷底下的
134.And Alexander Rose on the left there worked with a bunch of people from the National Park to survey the whole mine. It’s a mile deep.
左边是Alexander Rose，他在和来自国家公园的人员 一起探测整个矿井，那里有一英里深
135.And they also found four species of bats in there.
他们在那还发现了四个种类的蝙蝠
136.Now, almost all those mines, by the way, meet underneath the mountain.
现在，几乎所有的这些矿井都会聚在山底之下